Search Engine Optimization
Title Tag
Best plywood manufactures in perumbavoor,Kerala
Length: 47 character(s)
Length: 47 character(s)
Ideally, your title tag should contain between 10 and 70 characters (spaces included).
Make sure your title is explicit and contains your most important keywords.
Be sure that each page has a unique title.
Make sure your title is explicit and contains your most important keywords.
Be sure that each page has a unique title.
Meta Description
Refined Choose Trusted Quality Always Welcome to Wallmark ply your trusted partner in plywood manufacturing. As one of the leading plywood manufacturers in perumbavoor,Kerala. We deliver premium grade plywood solutions that meet the highest standards of strength, durability, and finish. Whether you’re looking for reliable plywood for furniture, interiors, or commercial use, we provide customized products designed to stand the test of time. Know More https://wallmarkply.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lv_0_20250124171948-1.mp4 100% Eucalyptus Sourced from sustainably grown, strong eucalyptus wood. 100% Gurjan ply Made from high-quality Gurjan timber for durability. 100% Compressed core Offers enhanced strength and stability under load. 100% Selected species Crafted from premium, carefully chosen timber species. About us Why Trust WallMark Ply for Quality Solutions Since 2000, Wallmark Ply has delivered high-quality plywood solutions with a focus on innovation, sustainability, and community impact. For customers seeking long-lasting materials, the most durable plywood in Kerala, India. Wallmark ply is ideal for furniture, flooring, and high-moisture areas—offering excellent resistance to warping and decay. Trusted by builders and designers alike, WallMark Ply stands as a benchmark for reliability and performance. View More https://wallmarkply.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lv_0_20250124171948-1.mp4 Refined Choose Trusted Quality Always Discover the superior quality and craftsmanship of Wallmarkply. With a focus on reliability and precision, we provide the best solutions for your construction and design projects. Trust us to deliver lasting results that exceed your expectations. Know More 100% Eucalyptus Sourced from sustainably grown, strong eucalyptus wood. 100% Gurjan ply Made from high-quality Gurjan timber for durability. 100% Compressed core Offers enhanced strength and stability under load. 100% Selected species Crafted from premium, carefully chosen timber species. About us Why Trust WallMark Ply for Quality Solutions Since 2000, WallMark Ply has been committed to delivering high-quality plywood solutions. With a focus on innovation and sustainability, we continuously improve our manufacturing processes to meet customer needs while promoting environmental responsibility and positively impacting the communities we serve. View More Precision 4 Press Technology The Key to Our Superior Plywood At WallMark Ply, we use advanced 4 Press Technology to produce high-quality calibrated plywood. Premium sheets are cut into thin veneer sheets with state-of-the-art machinery and stitched using composing or finger stitches for strong bonding. The sheets are glued, layered, cold-pressed for proper glue blending, and hot-pressed for uniform glue distribution. This meticulous process ensures stable, durable plywood ideal for various applications, with 4 Press Technology as the backbone of our superior production. Precision 4 Press Technology: The Key to Our Superior Plywood At WallMark Ply, we use advanced 4 Press Technology to produce high-quality calibrated plywood. Premium sheets are cut into thin veneer sheets with state-of-the-art machinery and stitched using composing or finger stitches for strong bonding. The sheets are glued, layered, cold-pressed for proper glue blending, and hot-pressed for uniform glue distribution. This meticulous process ensures stable, durable plywood ideal for various applications, with 4 Press Technology as the backbone of our superior production. HAPPY CUSTOMERS 0 Lks + SERVICES 0 + EXPORTING STATES 0 + YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 0 + Assurance Certified Excellence WallMark Ply is a renowned manufacturer and global supplier of premium plywood, catering to diverse needs such as interiors, exteriors, concrete work, transportation, and industrial applications. Utilizing cutting-edge equipment and precision instruments, we lead the plywood industry in India and beyond with unmatched quality and expertise. HAPPY CUSTOMERS 0 Lks + SERVICES 0 + EXPORTING STATES 0 + YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 0 + Assurance Certified Excellence At Wallmark ply, we pride ourselves on being one of the leading plywood manufacturers in Perumbavoor, Kerala, a region renowned across India for its exceptional wood craftsmanship. Our commitment to quality, sustainability, and innovation has earned us recognition as a top-tier name in the wood panel industry. WallMark Ply is a leading manufacturer and global supplier of premium plywood for interiors, exteriors, concrete work, transport, and industrial use. With advanced technology and expert craftsmanship, we set the standard for quality in India and beyond. We have won the most Prestigious Times Business Award for Trusted and Preferred Brand. National Network Trusted Across Borders Our products are trusted in over 20 exporting states, showcasing their exceptional quality and reliability. This widespread acceptance highlights our dedication to meeting diverse market needs and maintaining global standards. National Network Trusted Across Borders Our products are trusted in over 20 exporting states, showcasing their exceptional quality and reliability. This widespread acceptance highlights our dedication to meeting diverse market needs and maintaining global standards. What Our Clients Say I’ve been using WallMarkPly for all my furniture projects, and I’m consistently impressed with the quality. The plywood is strong, stable, and perfect for both interior and exterior use. It’s easy to work with, and the finished product always looks professional. I trust WallMarkPly for all my construction needs! Ravi K Carpenter & Furniture Maker I’ve been using WallMarkPly for all my furniture projects, and I’m consistently impressed with the quality. The plywood is strong, stable, and perfect for both interior and exterior use. It’s easy to work with, and the finished product always looks professional. I trust WallMarkPly for all my construction needs! Ravi K Carpenter & Furniture Maker
Length: 6009 character(s)
Length: 6009 character(s)
Meta descriptions contains between 100 and 300 characters (spaces included).
It allow you to influence how your web pages are described and displayed in search results.
Ensure that all of your web pages have a unique meta description that is explicit and contains your most important keywords (these appear in bold when they match part or all of the user's search query).
A good meta description acts as an organic advertisement, so use enticing messaging with a clear call to action to maximize click-through rate.
It allow you to influence how your web pages are described and displayed in search results.
Ensure that all of your web pages have a unique meta description that is explicit and contains your most important keywords (these appear in bold when they match part or all of the user's search query).
A good meta description acts as an organic advertisement, so use enticing messaging with a clear call to action to maximize click-through rate.
Meta Keywords
No Keywords
Meta Keywords are a specific type of meta tag that appear in the HTML code
of a Web page and help tell search engines what the topic of the page is.
However, google can't use meta keywords.
However, google can't use meta keywords.
Headings
| <H1> | <H2> | <H3> | <H4> | <H5> | <H6> |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 9 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| <H1> Choose </H1> |
| <H1> Choose </H1> |
| <H2> Why Trust WallMark Ply for Quality Solutions </H2> |
Use your keywords in the headings and make sure the first level (H1) includes your most important keywords. Never duplicate your title tag content in your header tag.
While it is important to ensure every page has an H1 tag, never include more than one per page. Instead, use multiple H2 - H6 tags.
While it is important to ensure every page has an H1 tag, never include more than one per page. Instead, use multiple H2 - H6 tags.
Google Preview
Best plywood manufactures in perumbavoor,Kerala
wallmarkply.com/
Refined Choose Trusted Quality Always Welcome to Wallmark ply your trusted partner in plywood manufacturing. As one of the leading plywood manufacturers in perumbavoor,Kerala. We deliver premium grade plywood solutions that meet the highest standards of strength, durability, and finish. Whether you’re looking for reliable plywood for furniture, interiors, or commercial use, we provide customized products designed to stand the test of time. Know More https://wallmarkply.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lv_0_20250124171948-1.mp4 100% Eucalyptus Sourced from sustainably grown, strong eucalyptus wood. 100% Gurjan ply Made from high-quality Gurjan timber for durability. 100% Compressed core Offers enhanced strength and stability under load. 100% Selected species Crafted from premium, carefully chosen timber species. About us Why Trust WallMark Ply for Quality Solutions Since 2000, Wallmark Ply has delivered high-quality plywood solutions with a focus on innovation, sustainability, and community impact. For customers seeking long-lasting materials, the most durable plywood in Kerala, India. Wallmark ply is ideal for furniture, flooring, and high-moisture areas—offering excellent resistance to warping and decay. Trusted by builders and designers alike, WallMark Ply stands as a benchmark for reliability and performance. View More https://wallmarkply.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lv_0_20250124171948-1.mp4 Refined Choose Trusted Quality Always Discover the superior quality and craftsmanship of Wallmarkply. With a focus on reliability and precision, we provide the best solutions for your construction and design projects. Trust us to deliver lasting results that exceed your expectations. Know More 100% Eucalyptus Sourced from sustainably grown, strong eucalyptus wood. 100% Gurjan ply Made from high-quality Gurjan timber for durability. 100% Compressed core Offers enhanced strength and stability under load. 100% Selected species Crafted from premium, carefully chosen timber species. About us Why Trust WallMark Ply for Quality Solutions Since 2000, WallMark Ply has been committed to delivering high-quality plywood solutions. With a focus on innovation and sustainability, we continuously improve our manufacturing processes to meet customer needs while promoting environmental responsibility and positively impacting the communities we serve. View More Precision 4 Press Technology The Key to Our Superior Plywood At WallMark Ply, we use advanced 4 Press Technology to produce high-quality calibrated plywood. Premium sheets are cut into thin veneer sheets with state-of-the-art machinery and stitched using composing or finger stitches for strong bonding. The sheets are glued, layered, cold-pressed for proper glue blending, and hot-pressed for uniform glue distribution. This meticulous process ensures stable, durable plywood ideal for various applications, with 4 Press Technology as the backbone of our superior production. Precision 4 Press Technology: The Key to Our Superior Plywood At WallMark Ply, we use advanced 4 Press Technology to produce high-quality calibrated plywood. Premium sheets are cut into thin veneer sheets with state-of-the-art machinery and stitched using composing or finger stitches for strong bonding. The sheets are glued, layered, cold-pressed for proper glue blending, and hot-pressed for uniform glue distribution. This meticulous process ensures stable, durable plywood ideal for various applications, with 4 Press Technology as the backbone of our superior production. HAPPY CUSTOMERS 0 Lks + SERVICES 0 + EXPORTING STATES 0 + YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 0 + Assurance Certified Excellence WallMark Ply is a renowned manufacturer and global supplier of premium plywood, catering to diverse needs such as interiors, exteriors, concrete work, transportation, and industrial applications. Utilizing cutting-edge equipment and precision instruments, we lead the plywood industry in India and beyond with unmatched quality and expertise. HAPPY CUSTOMERS 0 Lks + SERVICES 0 + EXPORTING STATES 0 + YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 0 + Assurance Certified Excellence At Wallmark ply, we pride ourselves on being one of the leading plywood manufacturers in Perumbavoor, Kerala, a region renowned across India for its exceptional wood craftsmanship. Our commitment to quality, sustainability, and innovation has earned us recognition as a top-tier name in the wood panel industry. WallMark Ply is a leading manufacturer and global supplier of premium plywood for interiors, exteriors, concrete work, transport, and industrial use. With advanced technology and expert craftsmanship, we set the standard for quality in India and beyond. We have won the most Prestigious Times Business Award for Trusted and Preferred Brand. National Network Trusted Across Borders Our products are trusted in over 20 exporting states, showcasing their exceptional quality and reliability. This widespread acceptance highlights our dedication to meeting diverse market needs and maintaining global standards. National Network Trusted Across Borders Our products are trusted in over 20 exporting states, showcasing their exceptional quality and reliability. This widespread acceptance highlights our dedication to meeting diverse market needs and maintaining global standards. What Our Clients Say I’ve been using WallMarkPly for all my furniture projects, and I’m consistently impressed with the quality. The plywood is strong, stable, and perfect for both interior and exterior use. It’s easy to work with, and the finished product always looks professional. I trust WallMarkPly for all my construction needs! Ravi K Carpenter & Furniture Maker I’ve been using WallMarkPly for all my furniture projects, and I’m consistently impressed with the quality. The plywood is strong, stable, and perfect for both interior and exterior use. It’s easy to work with, and the finished product always looks professional. I trust WallMarkPly for all my construction needs! Ravi K Carpenter & Furniture Maker
This is an example of what your Title Tag and Meta Description will look like in Google search results.
While Title Tags & Meta Descriptions are used to build the search result listings, the search engines may create their own if they are missing, not well written, or not relevant to the content on the page.
Title Tags and Meta Descriptions are cut short if they are too long, so it's important to stay within the suggested character limits.
While Title Tags & Meta Descriptions are used to build the search result listings, the search engines may create their own if they are missing, not well written, or not relevant to the content on the page.
Title Tags and Meta Descriptions are cut short if they are too long, so it's important to stay within the suggested character limits.
Alt Attribute
We found 0 images on this web page
No ALT attributes are empty or missing.
No ALT attributes are empty or missing.
Alternative text is used to describe images to give the search engine crawlers (and the visually impaired).
Also, more information to help them understand images, which can help them to appear in Google Images search results.
Also, more information to help them understand images, which can help them to appear in Google Images search results.
Keywords Cloud
- plywood14
- wallmark12
- quality11
- contact9
- board6
- sheets6
- trusted5
- solutions5
- superior5
- home4
- about4
- blog4
- always4
- more4
- eucalyptus4
This Keyword Cloud provides an insight into the frequency of keyword usage within the page.
It's important to carry out keyword research to get an understanding of the keywords that your audience is using. There are a number of keyword research tools available online to help you choose which keywords to target.
It's important to carry out keyword research to get an understanding of the keywords that your audience is using. There are a number of keyword research tools available online to help you choose which keywords to target.
Text/HTML Ratio
HTML to Text Ratio is: 0.97%
| Text content size | 7644 bytes |
| Total HTML size | 789788 bytes |
Code to text ratio represents the percentage of actual text on a web page compared to the percentage of
HTML code, and it is used by search engines to calculate the relevancy of a web page.
A higher code to text ratio will increase your chances of getting a better rank in search engine results.
A higher code to text ratio will increase your chances of getting a better rank in search engine results.
GZIP compression
Wow! It's GZIP Enabled.
Your webpage is compressed from 771 KB to 234 KB (69.7 % size savings)
Your webpage is compressed from 771 KB to 234 KB (69.7 % size savings)
Gzip is a method of compressing files (making them smaller) for faster network transfers.
It allows to reduce the size of web pages and any other typical web files to about 30% or less of its original size before it transfer.
It allows to reduce the size of web pages and any other typical web files to about 30% or less of its original size before it transfer.
WWW Resolve
Great, a redirect is in place to redirect traffic from your non-preferred domain.
Redirecting requests from a non-preferred domain is important because search engines consider URLs with and without "www" as two different websites.
IP Canonicalization
No your domain IP 145.223.124.201 does not redirect to wallmarkply.com
To check this for your website, enter your IP address in the browser and see if your site loads with the IP address.
Ideally, the IP should redirect to your website's URL or to a page from your website hosting provider.
If it does not redirect, you should do an htaccess 301 redirect to make sure the IP does not get indexed.
Ideally, the IP should redirect to your website's URL or to a page from your website hosting provider.
If it does not redirect, you should do an htaccess 301 redirect to make sure the IP does not get indexed.
XML Sitemap
A sitemap lists URLs that are available for crawling and can include additional information like your site's latest updates, frequency of changes and importance of the URLs. This allows search engines to crawl the site more intelligently.
We recommend that you generate an XML sitemap for your website and submit it to both Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools. It is also good practice to specify your sitemap's location in your robots.txt file.
We recommend that you generate an XML sitemap for your website and submit it to both Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools. It is also good practice to specify your sitemap's location in your robots.txt file.
Robots.txt
A robots.txt file allows you to restrict the access of search engine robots that crawl the web and it can prevent these robots from accessing specific directories and pages. It also specifies where the XML sitemap file is located.
You can check for errors in your robots.txt file using Google Search Console (formerly Webmaster Tools) by selecting 'Robots.txt Tester' under 'Crawl'. This also allows you to test individual pages to make sure that Googlebot has the appropriate access.
You can check for errors in your robots.txt file using Google Search Console (formerly Webmaster Tools) by selecting 'Robots.txt Tester' under 'Crawl'. This also allows you to test individual pages to make sure that Googlebot has the appropriate access.
URL Rewrite
Good, all URLs look clean and friendly
Your site's URLs contain unnecessary elements that make them look complicated.
A URL must be easy to read and remember for users. Search engines need URLs to be clean and include your page's most important keywords.
Clean URLs are also useful when shared on social media as they explain the page's content.
A URL must be easy to read and remember for users. Search engines need URLs to be clean and include your page's most important keywords.
Clean URLs are also useful when shared on social media as they explain the page's content.
Underscores in the URLs
Great, you are not using underscores (these_are_underscores) in your URLs
Great, you are not using ?underscores (these_are_underscores) in your URLs.
While Google treats hyphens as word separators, it does not for underscores.
While Google treats hyphens as word separators, it does not for underscores.
Embedded Objects
Perfect, no embedded objects has been detected on this page
Embedded Objects such as Flash. It should only be used for specific enhancements.
Although Flash content often looks nicer, it cannot be properly indexed by search engines.
Avoid full Flash websites to maximize SEO.
Although Flash content often looks nicer, it cannot be properly indexed by search engines.
Avoid full Flash websites to maximize SEO.
Iframe
Perfect, no Iframe content has been detected on this page
Frames can cause problems on your web page because search engines will not crawl or index the content within them.
Avoid frames whenever possible and use a NoFrames tag if you must use them.
Avoid frames whenever possible and use a NoFrames tag if you must use them.
Indexed Pages
Indexed pages in search engines
This is the number of pages that we have discovered on your website.
A low number can indicate that bots are unable to discover your webpages, which is a common cause of a bad site architecture & internal linking, or you're unknowingly preventing bots and search engines from crawling & indexing your pages.
A low number can indicate that bots are unable to discover your webpages, which is a common cause of a bad site architecture & internal linking, or you're unknowingly preventing bots and search engines from crawling & indexing your pages.
Backlinks Counter
Number of backlinks to your website
Backlinks are links that point to your website from other websites. They are like letters of recommendation for your site.
Since this factor is crucial to SEO, you should have a strategy to improve the quantity and quality of backlinks.
Since this factor is crucial to SEO, you should have a strategy to improve the quantity and quality of backlinks.
Usability
URL
http://wallmarkply.com
Length: 11 characters
Length: 11 characters
Keep your URLs short and avoid long domain names when possible.
A descriptive URL is better recognized by search engines.
A user should be able to look at the address bar and make an accurate guess about the content of the page before reaching it (e.g., http://www.mysite.com/en/products).
A descriptive URL is better recognized by search engines.
A user should be able to look at the address bar and make an accurate guess about the content of the page before reaching it (e.g., http://www.mysite.com/en/products).
Favicon
Favicons improve a brand's visibility.
As a favicon is especially important for users bookmarking your website, make sure it is consistent with your brand.
As a favicon is especially important for users bookmarking your website, make sure it is consistent with your brand.
Custom 404 Page
Great, your website has a custom 404 error page.
When a visitor encounters a 404 File Not Found error on your site, you're on the verge of losing the visitor that you've worked so hard to obtain through the search engines and third party links.
Creating your custom 404 error page allows you to minimize the number of visitors lost that way.
Creating your custom 404 error page allows you to minimize the number of visitors lost that way.
Page Size
771 KB (World Wide Web average is 320 Kb)
Two of the main reasons for an increase in page size are images and JavaScript files.
Page size affects the speed of your website; try to keep your page size below 2 Mb.
Tip: Use images with a small size and optimize their download with gzip.
Page size affects the speed of your website; try to keep your page size below 2 Mb.
Tip: Use images with a small size and optimize their download with gzip.
Load Time
2.13 second(s)
Site speed is an important factor for ranking high in Google search results and enriching the user experience.
Resources: Check out Google's developer tutorials for tips on how to to make your website run faster.
Resources: Check out Google's developer tutorials for tips on how to to make your website run faster.
PageSpeed Insights (Desktop)
0 / 100
Page Speed
Wallmarkply.com desktop website speed is slow. Page speed is important for both search engines and visitors end.
Enter your suggestion box message
Language
Good, you have declared your language
Declared Language: EN-US
Declared Language: EN-US
Make sure your declared language is the same as the language detected by Google
Also, define the language of the content in each page's HTML code.
Also, define the language of the content in each page's HTML code.
Domain Availability
| Domains (TLD) | Status |
|---|---|
| wallmarkply.net | Already Registered |
| wallmarkply.org | Already Registered |
| wallmarkply.biz | Already Registered |
| wallmarkply.us | Already Registered |
| wallmarkply.info | Already Registered |
Register the various extensions of your domain to protect your brand from cybersquatters.
Typo Availability
| Domains (TLD) | Status |
|---|---|
| walmarkply.com | Available |
| qallmarkply.com | Available |
| aallmarkply.com | Available |
| sallmarkply.com | Available |
| dallmarkply.com | Available |
Register the various typos of your domain to protect your brand from cybersquatters.
Email Privacy
Email address has been found in plain text!
We don't recommend adding plain text/linked email addresses to your webpages.
As malicious bots scrape the web in search of email addresses to spam. Instead, consider using a contact form.
As malicious bots scrape the web in search of email addresses to spam. Instead, consider using a contact form.
Safe Browsing
The website is not blacklisted and looks safe to use.
Safe Browsing to identify unsafe websites and notify users and webmasters so they can protect themselves from harm.
Mobile
Mobile View
The number of people using the Mobile Web is huge; over 75 percent of consumers have access to smartphones. ??
Your website should look nice on the most popular mobile devices.
Tip: Use an analytics tool to track mobile usage of your website.
Your website should look nice on the most popular mobile devices.
Tip: Use an analytics tool to track mobile usage of your website.
Mobile Compatibility
Perfect, no embedded objects detected.
Embedded Objects such as Flash, Silverlight or Java. It should only be used for specific enhancements.
But avoid using Embedded Objects, so your content can be accessed on all devices.
But avoid using Embedded Objects, so your content can be accessed on all devices.
Technologies
Server IP
| Server IP | Server Location | Service Provider |
|---|---|---|
| 147.79.79.90 | Not Available | Not Available |
Your server's IP address has little impact on your SEO. Nevertheless, try to host your website on a server which is geographically close to your visitors.
Search engines take the geolocation of a server into account as well as the server speed.
Search engines take the geolocation of a server into account as well as the server speed.
Analytics
We didn't detect an analytics tool installed on this website.
Web analytics let you measure visitor activity on your website.
You should have at least one analytics tool installed, but It can also be good to install a second in order to cross-check the data.
You should have at least one analytics tool installed, but It can also be good to install a second in order to cross-check the data.
W3C Validity
W3C not validated
W3Cis a consortium that sets web standards.
Using valid markup that contains no errors is important because syntax errors can make your page difficult for search engines to index. Run the W3C validation service whenever changes are made to your website's code.
Using valid markup that contains no errors is important because syntax errors can make your page difficult for search engines to index. Run the W3C validation service whenever changes are made to your website's code.
Doc Type
Your Web Page doctype is HTML 5
The Doctype is used to instruct web browsers about the document type being used.
For example, what version of HTML the page is written in.
Declaring a doctype helps web browsers to render content correctly.
For example, what version of HTML the page is written in.
Declaring a doctype helps web browsers to render content correctly.
Encoding
Great, language/character encoding is specified: UTF-8
Specifying language/character encoding can prevent problems with the rendering of special characters.
Visitors
Link Analysis
In-Page Links
We found a total of 0 links including both internal & external links of your site
| Anchor | Type | Follow |
|---|
While there's no exact limit to the number of links you should include on a page, best practice is to avoid exceeding 200 links.
Links pass value from one page to another, but the amount of value that can be passed is split between all of the links on a page. This means that adding unnecessary links will dilute the potential value attributed to your other links.
Using the Nofollow attribute prevents value from being passed to the linking page, but it's worth noting that these links are still taken into account when calculating the value that is passed through each link, so Nofollow links can also dilute pagerank.
Links pass value from one page to another, but the amount of value that can be passed is split between all of the links on a page. This means that adding unnecessary links will dilute the potential value attributed to your other links.
Using the Nofollow attribute prevents value from being passed to the linking page, but it's worth noting that these links are still taken into account when calculating the value that is passed through each link, so Nofollow links can also dilute pagerank.
Broken Links
No broken links were found on this web page
Broken links send users to non-existing web pages. They are bad for your site's usability, reputation and SEO. If you find broken links in the future, take the time to replace or remove each one.
Social
Social Data
Cost and overhead previously rendered this semi-public form of communication unfeasible.
But advances in social networking technology from 2004-2010 has made broader concepts of sharing possible.